Changes in Parameters of Oxidative Stress, Immunity, and Behavior in Endurance Athletes During a Preparation Period in Winter
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Danica M. Michalickova ; Rajna D. Minic [3] ; Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic ; Marija S Andjelkovic [4] ; Nenad Dikic [4] ; Marija M. Kostic-Vucicevic ; Ondrej Slanar [1] ; Brizita I. Djordjevic [2]
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[1] Institute of Pharmacology
Institute of Pharmacology
Chequia
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[2] University of Belgrade
University of Belgrade
Serbia
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[3] Department of Research and Development, Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera, Torlak, Beograd Belgrade, Serbia
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[4] Sports Medicine Association of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
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- Localización: Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA, ISSN 1064-8011, Vol. 34, Nº. 10, 2020, págs. 2965-2973
- Idioma: inglés
- Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
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Resumen
The current study monitored markers of immunological and oxidative status in 9 male elite endurance athletes: V[Combining Dot Above]O2max: 68 +/- 11 ml[middle dot]kg-1[middle dot]min-1, age: 24 +/- 2.5 years, and training loads: 128 +/- 21 metabolic equivalents-h[middle dot]wk-1 during a 3-month preparation period in winter (January-March). Self-rated state of moods evaluation (by Profile of Mood States questionnaire) was performed, and blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of the study. Spectrophotometric methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used for parameters' determination. The level of concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated interferon-[gamma] (IFN-[gamma]) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was increased (562 [147-852] vs. 1,097 [451-1842] pg[middle dot]ml-1, p = 0.013). Also, the level of transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-[beta]1) in serum was elevated (2.5 [1.4-5.1] vs. 7.2 [4.9-8.2] ng[middle dot]ml-1, p = 0.015). There was no change in the level of peptidoglycan (PGN)-stimulated interleukin (IL)-10 from PBMCs. There were no significant changes in PBMCs proliferation/viability on stimulation with ConA and PGN during the study. No changes in superoxide dismutase, prooxidative-antioxidative balance, total oxidant status (TOS), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were observed along the study. Total antioxidant status (TAS) was increased (910 +/- 174 vs. 1,090 +/- 102 [mu]mol[middle dot]L-1, p = 0.018), and activity of paraoxonase (PON1) was decreased (523 +/- 295 vs. 335 +/- 183 U[middle dot]L-1, p = 0.003) at the end of the study. Advanced oxidation protein products were increased (25 +/- 7.9 vs. 42 +/- 7.6 [mu]mol[middle dot]L-1, p = 0.011). The self-rated sense of vigor significantly declined (20 +/- 2.1 vs. 14 +/- 3.4, p = 0.045). In conclusion, 3 months of regular training in winter induced prominent changes in cytokines, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and antioxidative enzyme activity. These changes might increase susceptibility of athletes to disease and muscle damage and consequently lead to performance reduction.
