The present paper was originally conceived as an introduction to a companion volume of the author’s 2018 monograph, Phänomenologie der Compassion: Pathos des Mitseins miteinander. In particular, it aims to lay the foundation for including the element of “anti-nature” in our ideas of the natural world—material, animate, and human. Revising our idea of nature, and with it our idea of the “other,” entails revisiting the logic of identity, and to this end the author references the work of Nishida Kitarō and his notion of “absolutely contradictory self-identity.” The author sees the basic archetypal pattern behind his proposal echoed in ancient mythology, which in turn can help illuminate the underlying structure and orientation of modern, technological society. The ethical questions this raises, it is suggested, will require further interdisciplinary and international cooperation among scholars.
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