Integrating ecological equivalence for native vegetation compensation: A methodological approach

• Mello, Kaline de ^[1] ; Fendrich, Arthur Nicolaus ^[1] ; Borges-Matos, Clarice ^[1] ; Brites, Alice Dantas ^[1] ; Tavares, Paulo André ^[1] ; da Rocha, Gustavo Casoni ^[3] ; Matsumoto, Marcelo ^[4] ; Rodrigues, Ricardo Ribeiro ^[1] ; Joly, Carlos Alfredo ^[2] ; Sparovek, Gerd ^[1] ; Metzger, Jean Paul ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidade de São Paulo

     Universidade de São Paulo

     Brasil

     
  2. [2] Universidade Estadual de Campinas

     Universidade Estadual de Campinas

     Brasil

     
  3. [3] The Secretariat of Infrastructure and Environment of the State of São Paulo - Forest Foundation, Av. Professor Frederico Hermann Junior, 345, São Paulo 05459-900, Brazil
  4. [4] WRI Brasil. Rua Cláudio Soares, 72, cj. 1510, São Paulo 05422–030, Brazil

  Mostrar afiliaciones +
• Localización: Land use policy: The International Journal Covering All Aspects of Land Use, ISSN 0264-8377, ISSN-e 1873-5754, Nº. 108, 2021
• Idioma: inglés
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen

  • Although offsetting schemes may avoid biodiversity loss, the implementation of these schemes can be challenging, given the difficulty of balancing biodiversity benefits with the resulting increase in compensation costs. Here we have developed a novel offsetting methodological approach to balance environmental gains and land availability to support the decision-making process and negotiations among stakeholders. We applied this approach for the compensation of Legal Reserves, a percentage of native vegetation area that landowners have to set apart in their rural properties in Brazil to maintain native vegetation. If landowners do not reach the Legal Reserves requirements on their land according to the law, they may compensate it in other equivalent properties. To balance environmental gains and land availability, we have developed a dynamic tool that allows users to objectively analyze results from multiple offsetting scenarios. These scenarios can combine different levels of abiotic and biotic equivalence requirements, along with the possibility of trading up, i.e. compensating in priority natural vegetation areas and/or priority areas for restoration, even without high equivalence, with the resulting balance on land availability. The proposed approach seeks to find acceptable solutions, balancing stakeholder requirements for ecological equivalence, land availability, and possibilities of trading up. This procedure can enhance the local trade of Legal Reserves compensation, minimizing biodiversity losses, and also reducing costs. Our case study shows that it is possible to apply ecological equivalence in a balanced manner for Legal Reserve compensation. Owing to its flexibility, the proposed approach and tool can be easily adopted by other compensation schemes worldwide, supporting the negotiation and decision-making processes, to reduce biodiversity loss.