In the second half of the Seventeenth Century, while in Eastern Europe the Ottoman Empire was affirming its plans of hegemony, the Catholic kingdoms were torn apart by dynastic conflicts, which overlapped with questions concerning religious divisions between Catholics and Protestants. The papal monarchy, while losing the political importance it had gained in previous centuries, with its Nuncios, succeeded in playing a function of liaison and sometimes of mediation to prevent the breakdown of the Polish elective monarchy, managing to moderate Louis XIV’s aggressive foreign policy and to support the military commitment of the Empire in Hungary
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