Resumen de Isolation and characterization of filamentous fungi from wood and soil samples of “La Lorena”, Sonsón, Antioquia (Colombia), natural reserve

Manuela Montoya Castrillón, Kelly Johana Serna Vasco, Laura Pinilla, Juan Manuel Quiceno Rico, Liliana María Cardona Bermúdez, Juliana Osorio Echavarría

• español

  Los hongos podrían ser implementados en procesos industriales debido a su potencial biológico y enzimático. En este estudio se aislaron y caracterizaron hongos filamentosos de muestras de madera y suelo de la reserva natural “La Lorena” (Sonsón, Colombia). Para ello, se realizó una caracterización morfológica empleando claves taxonómicas que, complementada con una caracterización bioquímica, evaluó cualitativamente la capacidad enzimática amilolítica, celulolítica, lipolítica, proteolítica, catalasa, peroxidasa y lacasa de las cepas. Lo anterior se corroboró molecularmente utilizando la región LSU del ADNr (28S). Entre los géneros identificados se encuentran Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Mucor sp., Aspergillus sp. y Lecythophora sp. que presentan mínimo una de las siete actividades enzimáticas evaluadas y algunos como Trichoderma sp y Aspergillus sp. presentan incluso seis de ellas. Por lo tanto, los hongos aislados muestran características para ser utilizados en industrias como la alimenticia, papelera, cosmética, textil e incluso en campos como biorremediación y control biológico.

• English

  Fungi, with all their biological and enzymatic qualities, could have great potential being implemented in industrial processes. In this study, filamentous fungi from Sonsón-Antioquia region were isolated and characterized. A morphological characterization was carried out using taxonomic keys and additionally a biochemical characterization qualitatively evaluated the amylolytic, cellulolytic, lipolytic, proteolytic, catalase, peroxidase, and laccase capacity of the strains. Furthermore, isolated fungi were molecularly identified using the LSU region of the rDNA (28S). Among the strains identified, Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Mucor sp. Aspergillus sp. and Lecythophora sp. genera were found and it was observed that the analyzed fungi present at least one of the seven enzymatic activities evaluated and some genera such as Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus sp. present even six of them. Therefore, the isolated strains show desirable characteristics in food, paper, cosmetic, and textile industries, and in areas such as bioremediation and biological control.