Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea challenge the survival and immunity of the palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier

Rizwan Ahmed; Shoaib Freed; Afifa Naeem; Muhammad Akmal; Christopher H. Dietrich

Ayuda

Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea challenge the survival and immunity of the palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier

Ahmed , Rizwan ; Freed, Shoaib ^[1] ; Naeem, Afifa ^[2] ; Akmal, Muhammad ^[1] ; Dietrich, Christopher H.
1. [1] Bahauddin Zakariya University
  
  Bahauddin Zakariya University
  
  Pakistán
2. [2] Ayub Agriculture Research Institute
  
  Ayub Agriculture Research Institute
  
  Pakistán
Localización: Spanish journal of agricultural research, ISSN-e 2171-9292, ISSN 1695-971X, Vol. 20, Nº. 3, 2022
Idioma: inglés
Enlaces
- Texto completo 1 2
Resumen
- Aim of study: Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier is an invasive pest of palm worldwide. The use of insecticides by farmers for its management has been found insignificant. This study evaluated the potential use of entomopathogenic fungi for R. ferrugineus management with a particular focus on the fungal infection on the activities of different detoxification enzymes.
  
  Area of study: Grubs and adults of R. ferrugineus were collected from various infested date palm fields in the four provinces of Pakistan.
  
  Material and methods: Fungi Isaria fumosorosea (If-02) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma-M2) were evaluated against R. ferrugineus, and its immune responses were biochemically characterized.
  
  Main results: The highest mortality rate was recorded at concentration 3×108 spores mL-1 on the 7th day post infection in the populations treated with M. anisopliae from Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Sindh and Baluchistan (93.75, 90.0, 90.0 and 81.25% respectively). M. anisopliae with lowest LC50 (1.1×106 spores mL-1) from Sindh also proved to be the most lethal fungus against R. ferrugineus. Maximum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) activities were observed in Baluchistan (26.28 and 24.0 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein, respectively) and maximum esterases (EST) activity (35.4 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein) was observed in the KPK population on the 3rd-day post I. fumosorosea infection.
  
  Research highlights: Fungal infection by I. fumosorosea caused a significant increase in AChE, GST and EST activities which may hinder R. ferrugineus development. However, M. anisopliae, to some extent, also inhibited enzyme activities and yielded a sudden increase in mortality. Future bio-pesticides could be developed for integrated pest management (IPM) of palm weevil.