Resumen de In vitro establishment and multiplication of Aechmea fasciata (Lindl.) Baker, a bromeliad of commercial interest

Danika C Garrido Aguilar, Eduardo Villanueva-Couoh, Luis Pinzón López, Arturo Reyes Ramírez

• Objective: To develop a protocol for the aseptic in vitro establishment and multiplication of Aechmea fasciata (Lindl.) Baker.

  Design/Methodology/Approach: Different concentrations of NaClO (2, 3, 4, and 5%) were assessed for the aseptic establishment of A. fasciata. During the shoot induction stage, the three following treatments were tested: T16-benzyladeninenaphthalene-1-acetic acid (BAANA; 52 mg L1); T2zeatin2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Zea2,4-D; 52 mg L1); and T3control with no plant growth regulators. During the shoot multiplication stage, three more treatments were assessed: T1Zea2,4-D (2.51 mg L1); T2Zea2,4-D (52 mg L1); and T3Zea2,4-Dgibberellic acid (AG3) (2.513.5 mg L1). To assess the number of cellular events, different nitrate concentrations were tested in the medium (18.8, 39.4, and 60 mM NO3). Finally, during the shoot regeneration stage, nine treatments derived from the combination of three concentrations of kinetin (KIN: 0, 0.1, and 0.5 mg L1) and of indole-3-acetic acid (AIA: 0, 0.3, and 0.4) were assessed. Completely randomized designs were used in each stage. Duncan’s test (p0.05) was used to compare the means during the shoot induction and multiplication stages. A regression analysis was carried out to study the aseptic establishment and a non-parametric test (Kruskal-Wallis) was made to assess the “amount of microshoots during regeneration” variable.

  Results: A. fasciata aseptic explants with 4% NaClO were established. Shoot induction was most effective with the BAANA (52 mg L1) treatment. The highest callus production was reported with the Zea2,4-D (52 mg L1) treatment. The largest number of microshoots was obtained with high nitrate doses. Meanwhile, the most successful regeneration was achieved with the 0.1 mg KIN L1 and 0.4 mg AIA L1 treatment.

  Study Limitations/Implications: The application of Zea and 2,4-D during multiplication induced callus formation.

  Findings/Conclusions: Apical bud explants in an MS medium with BA and ANA present organogenesis. The use of Zea and 2,4-D forms calluses in the already established in vitro shoots, which regenerate with the use of KIN and AIA. Better microshoot coloring and development were achieved with MS salts, which have a medium nitrate content.