Resumen de Production and competitiveness of Mexican floriculture
Alejandra C. Estrada Elvires, José M. Contreras Castillo, Ramón Valdivia Alcalá
Objective: To analyze the international commercialization competitiveness of the main f lowers grown in Mexico compared to United States of America (USA).
Design/methodology/approach: The cumulative growth rate of the production variables of the main f lowers cultivated in Mexico from 2000 to 2020 was calculated. The country’s f lower trade balance was evaluated. The revealed comparative advantage index (IVCR) of the Mexican f loricultural sector was compared with the American IVCR.
Results: Mexican f loriculture has expanded in the last two decades; therefore, the 2000-2020 cumulative growth rates of the production variables in most of the f lowers studied were positive. It is also a high-income activity. Although only 10.11 thousand ha are used by this sector, the four species of f lowers analyzed had a 5.51-billion Mexican pesos production value (2020). Likewise, its trade balance has been in surplus and, in most of the years analyzed, its balance was greater than 90% of the value of exports. In addition, it is competitive in the international market: in 2020, the IVCR of Mexican f lowers in the US market was 0.96 and, in the overall period of this study, it has been greater than 0.8.
Study Limitations/Implications: Changes to the Harmonized System Codes hinder the evolutionary analysis of the tariff codes. The IVCR determines if the national market is competitive or not in the international market, but it does not establish which factors would provide competitiveness to the country.
Findings/Conclusions: Floriculture in Mexico has increased in the last two decades. The production value of all the f lowers studied increased during the period analyzed. In general terms, the Mexican f loricultural market is competitive in the international market; additionally, the different Mexican f lowers included in this research have a competitive advantage in the US market.
