Low-Load Resistance Training Performed to Muscle Failure or Near Muscle Failure Does Not Promote Additional Gains on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Functional Performance of Older Adults
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Joao Guilherme Almeida Bergamasco [1] ; Deivid Gomes da Silva [1] ; Diego Fernandes Bittencourt [1] ; Ramon Martins de Oliveira [1] ; Jose Carlos Bonjorno Junior [1] ; Flavia Rossi Caruso [1] ; Daniela Godoi [1] ; Audrey Borghi-Silva [1] ; Cleiton Augusto Libardi [1]
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[1] Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Brasil
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- Localización: Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA, ISSN 1064-8011, Vol. 36, Nº. 5, 2022, págs. 1209-1215
- Idioma: inglés
- Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
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Resumen
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of low-load resistance training (RT) protocols performed to failure (FAI), to voluntary interruption (VOL), and with a fixed low repetitions (FIX) on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and functional performance in older adults. Forty-one subjects (60-77 years) were randomized into one of the RT protocols (FAI, VOL, or FIX) and completed 12 weeks of RT at 40% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM), twice a week. The assessments included 1RM test, muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), rate of torque development (RTD), and functional performance (chair stand [CS], habitual gait speed [HGS], maximal gait speed [MGS], and timed up-and-go [TUG]). All protocols significantly increased 1RM values from Pre (FAI: 318.3 +/- 116.3 kg; VOL: 342.9 +/- 93.7 kg; FIX: 328.0 +/- 107.2 kg) to Post (FAI: 393.0 +/- 143.1 kg, 23.5%; VOL: 423.0 +/- 114.5 kg, 23.3%; FIX: 397.8 +/- 94.6 kg, 21.3%; p < 0.0001 for all groups). Regarding CS, all protocols showed significant improvements from Pre (FAI: 11.5 +/- 2.4 seconds; VOL: 12.1 +/- 2.5 seconds; FIX: 11.3 +/- 1.1 seconds) to Post (FAI: 10.5 +/- 1.1 seconds, -8.5%, p = 0.001; VOL: 10.3 +/- 1.5 seconds, -15.1%, p = 0.001; FIX: 11.0 +/- 1.1, -3.2%, p = 0.001). Habitual gait speed values increased significantly from Pre (FAI: 1.3 +/- 0.2 m[middle dot]s-1; VOL: 1.3 +/- 0.1 m[middle dot]s-1; FIX: 1.3 +/- 0.1 m[middle dot]s-1) to Post (FAI: 1.4 +/- 0.2 m[middle dot]s-1, 2.5%, p = 0.03; VOL: 1.4 +/- 0.2 m[middle dot]s-1, 5.2%, p = 0.036; FIX: 1.4 +/- 0.1 m[middle dot]s-1, 5.7%, p = 0.03). No significant differences between protocols were found (p > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant changes in CSA, RTD, MGS, and TUG for any protocols (p > 0.05). In conclusion, low-load RT performed without muscle failure promotes significant improvements in muscle strength and some parameters of functional performance in older adults.
