Development and validation of the Adherence to Asthma Medication Questionnaire (AAMQ)

• Razan I. Nassar ^[1] ; Bandana Saini ^[2] ; Nathir M. Obeidat ^[3] ; Iman A. Basheti ^[4]
  1. [1] Applied Science Private University

     Applied Science Private University

     Jordania

     
  2. [2] University of Sydney

     University of Sydney

     Australia

     
  3. [3] University of Jordan

     University of Jordan

     Jordania

     
  4. [4] PhD. Professor in Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Sciences Private University, Amman, Jordan.

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• Localización: Pharmacy Practice (Granada), ISSN-e 1886-3655, Vol. 20, Nº. 2, 2022 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Apr-Jun)
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background: Adherence to medication is the cornerstone to achieve the best treatment outcome. Pharmacists are healthcare professionals found in a pivotal position to assess asthmatic patients’ adherence to medication. A brief, reliable, and valid measure of patients adherence to mediations is useful to enable the pharmacists to deliver that vital service.

    Objective: To develop a reliable and valid adherence assessment tool for asthmatic patients.

    Methods: The Adherence to Asthma Medication Questionnaire (AAMQ-13) was developed based on an extensive literature review, followed by applying the Delphi technique, and then it was pilot-tested by 55 patients. The final AAMQ-13 was completed by 213 patients. Psychometric evaluation was assessed including reliability, criterion validity, and construct validity.

    Results: The AAMQ-13 is a feasible 13-item questionnaire, as it can be completed within an average of two minutes. It has high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha= 0.87). Criterion-concurrent validity was established by comparing the AAMQ-13 to the Test of the Adherence to Inhaler (TAI) and the pharmacy refill records. Criterion-convergent validity was established by comparing the AAMQ-13 to the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire and the Positive Health Behaviors Scale (PHBS). Construct validity was established through AAMQ-13 factor analysis which revealed two factors explaining 51.76% of the total variance.

    Conclusion: The AAMQ-13 is a reliable and valid questionnaire with several desirable characteristics as it has high reliability, good criterion validity, and strong construct validity. The AAMQ-13 is a suitable questionnaire that can identify non-adherent patients and reveal the reasons behind their non-adherence.