Resumen de Revelación pública de infracciones cometidas por la empresa y ejercicio de la libertad de información por la persona trabajadora en cuanto informante (whistleblower). Criterios a la luz de la doctrina del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos y del Tribuna
- español
La Ley 2/2023 de protección de la persona informante regula en su artículo 28.2 la opción que tiene aquella de acudir directamente a la prensa para revelar posibles infracciones, sin haber utilizado previamente los canales interno y externo de comunicación contemplados en la misma ley , con la condición de que esa revelación se haga en el ejercicio de la libertad de información. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto examinar qué ha de entenderse por ese ejercicio lícito de tal libertad por la persona trabajadora que acude a la prensa para denunciar esas irregularidades de su empleadora. Para ello examina los criterios establecidos al respecto tanto por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos como por nuestro Tribunal Constitucional, identificando coincidencias y algunas diferencias, de forma que podamos establecer unos parámetros legales que ayuden a determinar cuándo es adecuada la utilización de esa vía de revelación pública a la prensa por una persona trabajadora que tan trascendentales consecuencias puede tener para la empresa afectada.
- English
Article 28.2 of the Spanish 2/2023 Act on the protection of informants regulates the option of going directly to the press to reveal possible infringements without having previously used the internal and external communication channels contemplated in that Act, with the condition that such disclosure is made in the exercise of freedom of information. The purpose of this paper is to examine what is to be understood by the lawful exercise of such freedom of information by the employee who discloses to the press irregularities committed by her or his employer. It compares the criteria established in this regard both by the European Court of Human Rights and by our Constitutional Court, identifying coincidences and some differences in their respective decisions. These criteria will help us to establish legal parameters in order to determine when is legal the use of public disclosure to the press by an employee, disclosure that may have far-reaching consequences for the affected company. Article 28.2 of the Spanish 2/2023 Act on the protection of informants regulates the option of going directly to the press to reveal possible infringements without having previously used the internal and external communication channels contemplated in that Act, with the condition that such disclosure is made in the exercise of freedom of information. The purpose of this paper is to examine what is to be understood by the lawful exercise of such freedom of information by the employee who discloses to the press irregularities committed by her or his employer. It compares the criteria established in this regard both by the European Court of Human Rights and by our Constitutional Court, identifying coincidences and some differences in their respective decisions. These criteria will help us to establish legal parameters in order to determine when is legal the use of public disclosure to the press by an employee, disclosure that may have far-reaching consequences for the affected company.
