Resumen de Freshwater swampland as food buffer during El Niño: Case study in South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Anna Hairani, Muhammad Noor, Muhammad Alwi, Muhammad Saleh, Yanti Rina, Izhar Khairullah, Hendri Sosiawan, Nani Heryani, Mukhlis Mukhlis, Ismon Lenin
ABSTRACT The freshwater swampland in Indonesia covers an area of 13.28 million hectares, with approximately 8.88 million hectares suitable for agriculture. However, only 1.55 million hectares are utilized for paddy field. These lands are predominantly found in several provinces such as South Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, South Sumatra, Jambi, Riau, Lampung, and Papua. The impact of El Niño on Indonesian freshwater swampland has positive effects. During extreme El Niño climatic conditions in 2015, there was an expansion in the utilization of freshwater swamplands compared to normal climate conditions. In the region of South Kalimantan, the influence of El Niño led to an 11.06% increase in the rice planting area, which consequently resulted in an overall harvested area increase of 13.20% and a 12.49% rise in rice production compared to a normal year. In order to optimize the potential of freshwater swamplands as a food buffer during El Niño, it is imperative to intensify efforts by focusing on the improvement of water management infrastructure and the implementation of integrated crop management such as cultivating adaptive varieties, applying the Legowo planting system with ratios of 2:1 or 4:1, utilizing fertilization practices to meet crop requirements, adopting integrated pest management practices, and embracing mechanized harvest techniques.
