En el conocimiento etnofarmacológico, Ambrosia peruviana es conocida como una planta antiinfecciosa y antihelmíntica. Dados los altos índices de resistencia bac-teriana y parasitaria, se realizó la tamización fitoquímica preliminar siguiendo la meto-dología de Sanabria, y ensayos biológicos frente a aislamientos clínicos bacterianos, parásitos caninos y Artemia salina. Los ensayos de citotoxicidad en A. salina se realizaron por exposición de los adultos a concentraciones variables de los extractos. La actividad antibacteriana se realizó por los métodos de difusión en disco y concentra-ción inhibitoria mínima (CIM).Se determinó el porcentaje de huevos que tenían el embrión del parásito, en el medio de cultivo se mantuvieron en lactato de Ringer con suplemento al 10% de RPMI y 1X ATM. Se determinó el porcentaje de huevos con embrión, o fecundados, liberados en el mediode cultivo con adición de extracto etanólico y acuoso secos de A. peruviana. Los ensayos de la especie vegetal frente a helmintos se realizaron al sumergir los adultos en medio con suplemento de extracto etanólico seco (usando diferentes concentraciones) y con fracciones ricas en alcaloides.
Ambrosia peruviana has been reported as an anti-infective and anti-parasitic plant in the ethno-pharmacological environment. Given the high rates of bacterial and parasitic resistance against commercial drugs recorded, we performed the preliminary phytochemical screening following Sanabria´s method and biological tests against clinical bacterial isolates, dog parasites, and Artemia salina.Cytotoxicity tests in Artemia salina were carried out by exposing adults to extracts of varied concentrations. The antibacterial activity was performed using the disk diffusion method and CIM. Toxocara canis nematodeswere kept in Ringer’s lactate supplemented with 10% RPMI and 1X ATM. The embryo generation percentage of eggs released into the culture medium was evaluated adding ethanol and aqueous extracts of dried A. peruviana. The tests of A. peruviana against helminths were performed by immersingadults in a medium supplemented with dried ethanol extract (at various concentrations) and fractions rich in alkaloids.Phytochemical screening allowed preliminary identification of alkaloids, cardiotonic glucosides, quinones, flavonoids, carbohydrates, tannins and saponins. The LC50 for dry ethanol extract was 64.2?g/ml, while for the aqueous extract was 840.4?g/ml. The extracts did not show antibacterial activity. T. canis adults showed motility decrease against dried extracts,not so in alkaloid fraction where they died after a 4h exposure. The use of extracts from A. Peruviana over Toxocara canis eggs caused a decrease in the percentage of embryo generation, which did not depend on the extract observed but on the concentration used.
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