Morphological and biochemical analyses of "Agave salmiana" varieties
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Lucila Márquez-Pallares [1] ; Juan Aguila-Muñoz [2] ; José Amador Honorato-Salazar [3] ; Sergio Rubén Trejo-Estrada [1]
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[1] Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Instituto Politécnico Nacional
México
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[2] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
México
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[3] Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, México
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- Localización: Agrociencia, ISSN 2521-9766, ISSN-e 1405-3195, Vol. 58, Nº. 2, 2024, págs. 177-185
- Idioma: inglés
- Enlaces
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Resumen
The pulque maguey is a perennial plant that provides several environmental benefits. Although its plantation has been drastically reduced, its primary economic and cultural use is the production of fermented, low-cost beverages. In this study, morphological and chemical analyses were conducted, which contribute to the knowledge that allows for the extraction of high-value products from pulque maguey biomass. The Agave salmiana varieties studied were Ayoteco (Ayo), Púa Larga (PL), Manso (Man), Chalqueño (Chal), Blanco Cenizo (BC), and Sha’mini (Sha), as well as a “Verde” variety known as Cosmimaco (VC). The data was analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (α = 0.05), followed by multiple means comparison using the Tukey procedure (α = 0.05), the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test, and the Dunn-Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). In order to differentiate the agave varieties by their chemical compositions, a canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was applied. The lipid percentage (1.1–1.7 %) and the cellulose content (61–71 %) were higher than those reported for other Agave species. The BC variety contains a high concentration of cellulose and the least amount of lignin, making it a viable option for the energy industry. The CDA identified two discriminant functions that explained 95 % of the variance between the A. salmiana species in this study: ash content and lignin content. The results indicate that the amount of cellulose in pulque maguey leaves is an option to obtain products with a higher commercial value
