¿Son efectivas las intervenciones psicológicas para mejorar el control de la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 en adultos?: una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

• Autores: Alexis González Burboa, Carlos Acevedo Cossio, Aldo R. Vera Calzaretta, Patricia Villaseca Silva, Hans Müller Ortiz, Darío Páez Rovira, Cristian Pedreros-Rosales, Ángel Mealberquilla Néndez-Asenjo, Ángel Otero Puime
• Localización: Revista Médica de Chile, ISSN-e 0034-9887, Vol. 147, Nº. 11, 2019, págs. 1423-1436
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Psychological interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A systematic review and meta-analysis
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• Resumen

  • Background Affordable interventions to improve metabolic control of Type 2-Diabetes Mellitus are increasingly necessary. Aim To review systematically the existing literature on the effects of psychological interventions on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus compensation. Material and Methods We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of psychological interventions implemented for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Research included the following electronic databases: PubMed, Bireme, Web of Science, SciELO, Embase, EBSCOhost, SCOPUS, Psychology Database. Results Most studies showed a decrease in the level of glycated hemoglobin after interventions, which applied different initiatives complementary to standard medical treatment. Mainly, these interventions encompassed training for self-monitoring and control of diabetes based on cognitive behavioral psychology, counseling, self-assessment and physical-spiritual work based on transpersonal psychology. Conclusions Psychological tools could be an adjunct to the standard medical treatment for patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, reducing glycated hemoglobin levels and improving self-regulation, disease awareness and adherence from the self-efficacy perception perspective.