Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a ictericia con requerimiento de fototerapia. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico y retrospectivo de tipo casos y controles. Se revisó historias clínicas y estuvo conformada por una muestra de 212 pacientes de cero a siete días de nacidos del servicio de Neonatología en el Hospital Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz, divididos en 106 casos: con fototerapia y 106 controles: sin fototerapia. Resultados: Los neonatos pretérmino tuvieron asociación significativa con un OR:5.526; IC 95% (2.038-14.981), P= 0.001; y la incompatibilidad ABO OR:4.373, IC 95% (1.934-9.889), P= 0.001. A diferencia de peso al nacer, incompatibilidad Rh, sepsis neonatal, ITU materna y anemia materna, no tuvieron relación asociada de requerir fototerapia. Conclusiones: Existe asociación entre neonatos pretérmino, incompatibilidad ABO y la necesidad de fototerapia.
Objective: To determine the factors associated with jaundice requiring phototherapy. Material and Methods: An observational, analytical, and retrospective case-control study was conducted. Medical records of 212 patients aged 0 to 7 days from the neonatology service at Hospital Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz were reviewed, divided into 106 cases (with phototherapy) and 106 controls (without phototherapy). Results: Preterm neonates showed a significant association with an OR: 5.526; 95% CI (2.038-14.981), P= 0.001; and ABO incompatibility had an OR: 4.373, 95% CI (1.934-9.889), P= 0.001. However, birth weight, Rh incompatibility, neonatal sepsis, maternal urinary tract infection, and maternal anemia were not associated with the need for phototherapy. Conclusions: There is an association between preterm neonates and ABO incompatibility with the requirement for phototherapy.
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