Prevalencia y características de mutaciones somáticas del gen KRAS en pacientes chilenos con cáncer colorrectal

• Claudia Hurtado ^[1] ; Gonzalo Encina ^[1] ; Ana María Wielandt ^[1] ; Alejandro José Zárate ^[1] ; Magdalena Castro ^[1] ; Katya Carrillo ^[1] ; Udo Kronberg ^[1] ; Francisco López-Köstner ^[1]
  1. [1] Clínica Las Condes

     Clínica Las Condes

     Santiago, Chile

     
• Localización: Revista Médica de Chile, ISSN-e 0034-9887, Vol. 142, Nº. 11, 2014
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • KRAS gene somatic mutations in Chilean patients with colorectal cancer
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• Resumen

  • Background: The molecular testing of KRAS mutation status in metastatic colorectal cancer patients is mandatory to identify patients eligible for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody therapy. Aim: To report the frequency of KRAS gene mutations in Chilean patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Material and Methods: A cohort of 262 Chilean patients with CRC aged 26 to 90 years (53% males), was studied. KRAS mutation status was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and correlated with clinicopathological data. Results: Ninety-eight patients (37%) were positive for KRAS mutations. G12D was the most common mutation with a frequency of 36.7%, followed by G12V (25.5%), G13D (17.3%), G12A (7.1%), G12C (6.1%), G12S (5.1%) and G12R (2%). The frequency of the mutation in left, right colon and rectal tumors was 37.8, 32.6 and 44.9%, respectively. Among tumors with mutations, 86.7% were well or moderately differentiated tumors and the rest were poorly differentiated. No significant associations between KRAS gene mutations and other clinicopathological features of the tumor were observed. Conclusions: The frequencies of KRAS mutations reported in this study are similar to frequencies reported for European and North-American populations, lower than in a Spanish study and higher than in a Peruvian study.