Molecular evolution and expression profile of the chemerine encoding gene RARRES2 in baboon and chimpanzee

• Rafael González-Alvarez ^[1] ; María de Lourdes Garza-Rodriguez ^[2] ; Iván Delgado-Enciso ^[3] ; Victor Manuel Treviño-Alvarado ^[4] ; Ricardo Canales-Del-Castillo ^[2] ; Laura Elia Martínez-De-Villarreal ^[2] ; Ángel Lugo-Trampe ^[5] ; María Elizabeth Tejero ^[6] ; Natalia E. Schlabritz-Loutsevitch ^[7] ; María Del Refugio Rocha-Pizaña ^[4] ; Shelley A. Cole ^[8] ; Diana Reséndez-Pérez ^[2] ; Mario Moises-Alvarez ^[4] ; Anthony G. Comuzzie ^[8] ; Hugo Alberto Barrera-Saldaña ^[2] ; Raquel Garza-Guajardo ^[2] ; Oralia Barboza-Quintana ^[2] ; Irám Pablo Rodríguez-Sánchez ^[2]
  1. [1] Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara

     Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara

     México

     
  2. [2] Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

     Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

     México

     
  3. [3] Universidad de Colima

     Universidad de Colima

     México

     
  4. [4] Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey

     Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey

     México

     
  5. [5] Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas

     Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas

     México

     
  6. [6] Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica

     Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica

     México

     
  7. [7] Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

     Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

     Estados Unidos

     
  8. [8] Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research Department of Genetics

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• Localización: Biological Research, ISSN-e 0717-6287, ISSN 0716-9760, Nº. 48, 2015
• Idioma: inglés
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  • BACKGROUND: Chemerin, encoded by the retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (RARRES2) gene is an adipocytesecreted protein with autocrine/paracrine functions in adipose tissue, metabolism and inflammation with a recently described function in vascular tone regulation, liver, steatosis, etc. This molecule is believed to represent a critical endocrine signal linking obesity to diabetes. There are no data available regarding evolution of RARRES2 in non-human primates and great apes. Expression profile and orthology in RARRES2 genes are unknown aspects in the biology of this multigene family in primates. Thus; we attempt to describe expression profile and phylogenetic relationship as complementary knowledge in the function of this gene in primates. To do that, we performed A RT-PCR from different tissues obtained during necropsies. Also we tested the hypotheses of positive evolution, purifying selection, and neutrality. And finally a phylogenetic analysis was made between primates RARRES2 protein. RESULTS: RARRES2 transcripts were present in liver, lung, adipose tissue, ovary, pancreas, heart, hypothalamus and pituitary tissues. Expression in kidney and leukocytes were not detectable in either species. It was determined that the studied genes are orthologous. CONCLUSIONS: RARRES2 evolution fits the hypothesis of purifying selection. Expression profiles of the RARRES2 gene are similar in baboons and chimpanzees and are also phylogenetically related.