Zaragoza, España
Este trabajo estudia los expósitos confiados al hospital de Nuestra Señoril de Gracia de Zaragoza, que desempeñaba ese cometido desde la Edad Media. So centra en el siglo 19, iniciado con la Guerra de la Independencia y afectado por cambios administrativos cuya eficacia tardaría en manifestarse, a raíz de los cuales el hospital pasó de general a provincial. Las fuentes consultadas manifiestan un gran cuidado en el control de estos niños. Según los datos, el número de expósitos fue creciente, pero disminuyó su mortalidad, en cualquier caso elevada. Llegados al hospital, eran entregados a nodrizas internas, mientras se procedía a su reparto entre externas, procedentes de pueblos entre los que se denota una especialización clara en este menester. Entre los supervivientes, unos eran acoptados por sus cuidadores y el resto pasaba a la Casa de Misericordia donde aprendía un oficio o se preparaba para el servicio doméstico.
This work studies the foundling children entrusted to the Nuestra Señora de Gracia hospital in Zaragoza, which carried out this task since Middle Ages. It focuses on the 19th century, which began with the War of Independence and was affected by administrative changes, the effectiveness of which would take some time to show up. These changes were the reason why the hospital shifted from a general one to a provincial one. The sources consulted show great care in controlling these children. According to the data, the number of foundling children grew, but their mortality decreased. It wasn’t high in any case, anyway. Upon their arrival at the hospital, they were put in charge of internal nursemaids. At the same time, they were shared among other external nursemaids coming from towns where apparently a clear specialization in this task took place. Some of the survivors were adopted by their caregivers, as the rest of them passed to the House of Mercy. There, they could learn a profession or prepare for domestic service.
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