Valparaíso, Chile
Introducción: Estimar la prevalencia de retención urinaria aguda en el Programa de Cirugía mayor ambulatoria con anestesia espinal, e identificar los principales factores de riesgo para su desarrollo. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo de casos y controles. De 859 pacientes operados en programa de cirugía mayor ambulatoria entre abril 2003 y julio 2006, se seleccionaron 652 pacientes sometidos a cirugía con anestesia espinal. Los casos fueron 18 pacientes que desarrollaron retención urinaria aguda y 45 controles seleccionados al azar de los pacientes sin complicaciones en el postoperatorio. Se analizó estadística por pruebas estándares. Resultados: La prevalencia de retención urinaria aguda fue 2,76%. Se asociaron significativamente al desarrollo de retención urinaria aguda en postoperatorio las variables sexo masculino, p =0.026 OR =5.76 (IC 95% 1.17-28.24), edad sobre 50 años p =0.046 OR =3.14 (IC 95% 1.01-9.86) y cirugía hemiaria p =0.001 OR =7.59 (IC 95% 1.71-33.61). En todos los casos se manejó con cateterismo intermitente y la prolongación de estadía hospitalaria fue de un día en el 91% de los casos, y dos en el resto
Background: The identified risk factors for acute urinary retention after spinal anesthesia are the dose and duration of anesthesia, old age and ano rectal surgical procedures. Aim: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of acute urinary retention in the program of ambulatory surgery with spinal anesthesia. Material and methods: Descriptive case control study. The medical records of 859 patients operated with spinal anesthesia between 2003 and 2006 were reviewed, and 18 patients aged 52 + 16 years, that had an acute urinary retention, were identified. Forty vive randomly chosen patients aged 46 + 14 years, without urinary retention were analyzed as controls. Results: The calculated prevalence of acute urinary retention was 2.8%. Male sex, an age over 50 years and hernia surgery were identified as risk factors for urinary retention with odds ratios of 5.8 (95% confidence interval (Cl) 17-28), 3.1 (95%CI 1.-9.9) and 7.6 (95%CI 1.7-33.6), respectively. All cases were managed with intermittent catheterization. Hospital stay was one day in 91% and two days in the rest. Conclusions: in this series, acute urinary retention occurred in 2.8% of patients after spinal surgery. Male sex, age over 50 years and hernia repair procedures were identified ads risk factors for the complication
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