Resumen de Distribuição espacial da violência:: mortalidade por causas externas em Salvador (Bahia), Brasil

Jairnilson Silva Paim, Maria da Conceição Nascimento Costa, Joane Carla Santos Mascarenhas, Ligia Maria Vieira da Silva

• English

  The aim of this paper was to describe the geographic distribution of mortality resulting from external causes during 1991 within the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Mortality indicators were calculated in terms of deaths from external causes and in terms of specific types of violence. Of the deaths in that year, 15% were due to external causes, corresponding to a mortality rate of 78/100 000 inhabitants. The homicide death rate was 32.2/100 000 inhabitants, and the traffic-related death rate was 21.8/100 000 inhabitants. The elderly, young adults, and teenagers were at higher risk of death from violent causes. Among the elderly, 38% of the deaths were from car accidents and 28% from falls. Among teenagers, homicides were the main cause of death, especially in males between 15 and 29 years of age. Our results show that the geographic distribution of violent deaths in Salvador is uneven. Such deaths occur mainly in poorer neighborhoods, which have higher violent death rates than average for the city of Salvador. There is a need for prevention and control measures, including public policies and public health activities, focusing on the areas that have the greatest risk of death from external causes.

• português

  O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever a distribuição da mortalidade por causas externas no espaço urbano de Salvador, Estado da Bahia, Brasil, em 1991. Foram calculados indicadores de mortalidade por causas externas e por tipos específicos de violência. A mortalidade proporcional por causas externas foi de 15% e a taxa de mortalidade correspondeu a 78,0 óbitos por 100 000 habitantes. As taxas de mortalidade por homicídios e por acidentes de transporte foram de 32,2 e 21,8 por 100 000 habitantes, respectivamente. Os idosos apresentaram um maior risco de morte por causas externas, seguidos dos adultos jovens e adolescentes. No caso dos idosos, 38% das mortes foram por acidentes de transporte e 28%, por quedas. Em relação aos jovens,