Taiwán
Hungría
Town of New Haven, Estados Unidos
Castellón, España
Canadá
Lausana, Suiza
México
Vera Cruz, Portugal
Valencia, España
China
Roma Capitale, Italia
Welwyn Hatfield, Reino Unido
Nueva Zelanda
Reino Unido
Malasia
Kamigyō-ku, Japón
Kreisfreie Stadt Essen, Alemania
Chequia
Israel
Macedonia
Estados Unidos
Irak
DCC (Kotwali), Bangladés
Colombia
Croacia
GB.ENG.M4.24UJ, Reino Unido
Corea del Sur
Stellenbosch, Sudáfrica
Cuenca, Ecuador
Perú
Rumanía
Australia
Provincia de Talca, Chile
Arica, Chile
Provincia de Trujillo, Perú
Arrondissement Leuven, Bélgica
Brasil
Bolivia
IN.36.141.7279602, India
Lituania
City of Cape Town, Sudáfrica
CA.10.04.37067, Canadá
Reino Unido
Background The three-item Sexual Distress Scale (SDS-3) has been frequently used to assess distress related to sexuality in public health surveys and research on sexual wellbeing. However, its psychometric properties and measurement invariance across cultural, gender and sexual subgroups have not yet been examined. This multinational study aimed to validate the SDS-3 and test its psychometric properties, including measurement invariance across language, country, gender identity, and sexual orientation groups.
Methods We used global survey data from 82,243 individuals (Mean age=32.39 years; 40.3 % men, 57.0 % women, 2.8 % non-binary, and 0.6 % other genders) participating in the International Sexual Survey (ISS; https://internationalsexsurvey.org/) across 42 countries and 26 languages. Participants completed the SDS-3, as well as questions regarding sociodemographic characteristics, including gender identity and sexual orientation.
Results Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a unidimensional factor structure for the SDS-3, and multi-group CFA (MGCFA) suggested that this factor structure was invariant across countries, languages, gender identities, and sexual orientations. Cronbach's α for the unidimensional score was 0.83 (range between 0.76 and 0.89), and McDonald's ω was 0.84 (range between 0.76 and 0.90). Participants who did not experience sexual problems had significantly lower SDS-3 total scores (M = 2.99; SD=2.54) compared to those who reported sexual problems (M = 5.60; SD=3.00), with a large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.01 [95 % CI=-1.03, -0.98]; p < 0.001).
Conclusion The SDS-3 has a unidimensional factor structure and appears to be valid and reliable for measuring sexual distress among individuals from different countries, gender identities, and sexual orientations.
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