Social and technological inequalities related to out-migration: A county-level perspective in Romania
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Bianca Mitrică [1] ; Irena Roznovieţchi [1] ; Ines Grigorescu [1] ; Nicoleta Damian [1] ; Monica Dumitraşcu [1] ; Mihaela Persu [1]
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[1] Institute Of Geography, Romanian Academy
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- Localización: La geografía ante los retos del desarrollo local / coord. por Francisco Javier García Delgado, María Hernández Hernández, Antonio Martínez Puche, Luis Alfonso Hortelano Mínguez, Vicente Manuel Zapata Hernández, 2024, ISBN 978-84-128925-0-5, págs. 173-181
- Idioma: inglés
- Enlaces
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Resumen
Migration has been moving and shaping societies while transcending borders, dispersingand/or connecting people, ideas and goods between central and peripheral areas. The EuropeanUnion human migration in particular is now facing challenges in terms of both intra- and externalcommunity movements powered by differences in income and employment opportunities between the old EU member states and the newest ones. Out-migration has become a relatively newphenomenon for Romania, especially after the fall of communism and the accession to the European Union. According to EUROSTAT, Romania ranks fifth in the out-migration hierarchy at EUlevel. The present study aims to provide an insight on the influence of social and technologicaldevelopment level on the out-migration flows by computing and correlating the Social and Technological Disadvantage Index (STDI) to Out-migration Rate. The study is conducted based on thestatistical data available provided by the National Institute of Statistics and by the Romania’srepresentative body of clusters. The study is carried out at the level of 42 Romanian counties(NUTS3 level) for the 2021 timeline. The current study has greatly contributed to the identificationof the social and technological profile of the persons subject to migration flows at county levelbased on the indicators used for STDI. There are two main types of relations between high outmigration flows related to the STDI. On the one hand a group of counties from Southern Romania,less developed socially and technologically, and dominated by agriculture, representing the ‘place’ for the out-migration of people with low qualifications, mainly specialising in construction,agricultural activities and domestic activities. On the other hand, we have the case of some counties from Western and Central Romania Bucharest Municipality and its surroundings, better developed socially and technologically, where emigration is caused by highly-skilled people making upthe brain drain phenomenon (students and pupils, doctors, computer scientists). A distinct situation is that of the eastern counties less developed socially and technologically, which are not a“pool” for high emigration any longer, compared to the 2002-2007 period.
