Resumen de ASPECTOS DA ECONOMIA DO CRIME EM UNIDADES PRISIONAIS DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE SÃO PAULO: ELEMENTOS TEÓRICOS E EVIDÊNCIAS EMPÍRICAS
- español
El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar y analizar los principales resultados de la investigación de campo en diez unidades penitenciarias de la región metropolitana de São Paulo, mediante la aplicación de cuestionarios/entrevistas a 408 reclusos que han cometido delitos de naturaleza económica. El marco teórico utilizado fue la economía del crimen. Entre los principales resultados, se observa que las barreras morales (familia-educación/escuela-religión) que podrían evitar la migración hacia el crimen económico están debilitadas entre los reclusos entrevistados. Las principales motivaciones para cometer actividad delictiva, como la idea de ganancia fácil, la codicia/ambición/avaricia y la inducción de otras personas, coinciden con las mismas motivaciones que presenta la literatura relacionada. Con los beneficios superando a los costos, siendo el ingreso promedio del crimen económico de R$46,176.40 (12.8 veces más que el ingreso del trabajo legal), ¡el crimen compensa! Las políticas estatales que fomentan más oportunidades, empleo, trabajo y educación son formas señaladas por los reclusos entrevistados para reducir los delitos económicos. Cuando se mencionaron las sanciones/castigos que podrían disuadir el crimen, se destacó la urgencia de leyes estrictas.
- English
The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the main results of field research conducted in ten prison units in the metropolitan region of São Paulo (Brazil), using questionnaires/interviews with 408 inmates who had committed economic crimes. The theoretical framework used was the economics of crime. As main findings, the moral barriers (family-education/school-religion) that could prevent migration to profitable crime are weakened among the respondents. The main motivations for engaging in criminal activity (the idea of easy gain, greed/ambition, and inducement by others) align with the motivations presented in related literature. With benefits outweighing costs, and the average income from crime being R$46,176.40 (12.8 times higher than legal employment income), crime pays off! State policies that promote more opportunities, employment, work, and education are pointed out by respondents as ways to reduce these crimes. When discussing the punishments/penalties that could deter crime, the urgency of tougher laws was emphasized.
- português
O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar e analisar os principais resultados da pesquisa de campo em dez unidades prisionais da região metropolitana de São Paulo, por meio da aplicação de questionários/entrevistas com 408 detentos que cometeram crimes econômicos. O referencial teórico utilizado foi a economia do crime. Como resultados, as travas morais (família-educação/escola-religião) que podem impedir a migração para o crime lucrativo estão fragilizadas entre os pesquisados. As principais motivações para a realização da atividade criminosa (ideia de ganho fácil, cobiça/ambição/ganância e indução de outras pessoas) coadunam com as motivações que a literatura correlata apresenta. Com os benefícios maiores do que os custos, sendo a renda média do crime de R$46.333,00 (12,9 vezes mais do que a renda do trabalho legal), o crime compensa! Políticas de Estado que estimulem mais oportunidade, emprego, trabalho e educação são formas apontadas pelos pesquisados para diminuir esses crimes. Quando foram mencionadas as punições/penas capazes de dissuadir o crime, destacou-se a premência de leis críveis.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the main results of field research conducted in ten prison units in the metropolitan region of São Paulo (Brazil), using questionnaires/interviews with 408 inmates who had committed economic crimes. The theoretical framework used was the economics of crime. As results, the moral barriers (family-education/school-religion) that could prevent migration to profitable crime are weakened among the respondents. The main motivations for engaging in criminal activity (the idea of easy gain, greed/ambition, and inducement by others) align with the motivations presented in related literature. With benefits outweighing costs, and the average income from crime being R$46,333.00 (12.9 times higher than legal employment income), crime pays off! Public policies that promote more opportunities, employment, work, and education are pointed out by respondents as ways to reduce these crimes. When discussing the punishments/penalties that could deter crime, the urgency of tougher laws was emphasized.
