In vivo safety evaluation method for nanomaterials for cancer therapy

• Mengqi Chen ^[1] ; Jingyi Hei ^[1] ; Yan Huang ^[1] ; Xiyu Liu ^[1] ; Yong Huang ^[1]
  1. [1] State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio‑Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio‑Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
• Localización: Clinical & translational oncology, ISSN 1699-048X, Vol. 26, Nº. 9, 2024, págs. 2126-2141
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Nanomaterials are extensively used in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other diseases because of their distinctive physicochemical properties, including the small size and ease of modification. The approval of numerous nanomaterials for clinical treatment has led to a significant increase in human exposure to these materials. When nanomaterials enter organisms, they interact with DNA, cells, tissues, and organs, potentially causing various adverse effects, such as genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, immunotoxicity, and damage to tissues and organs. Therefore, it is crucial to elucidate the side effects and toxicity mechanisms of nanomaterials thoroughly before their clinical applications. Although methods for in vitro safety evaluation of nanomaterials are well established, systematic methods for in vivo safety evaluation are still lacking. This review focuses on the in vivo safety evaluation of nanomaterials and explores their potential effects. In addition, the experimental methods for assessing such effects in various disciplines, including toxicology, pharmacology, physiopathology, immunology, and bioinformatics are also discussed.