Riesgos biológicos y accidentes laborales en estudiantes de laboratorio clínico: un estudio en una universidad ecuatoriana Biological risks and occupational accidents in clinical laboratory students: a study at an ecuadorian university

• Anzules-Guerra, Jazmín ^[1] ; Zambrano-Navarrete, Johanna Paola ^[3] ; Bravo-Arteaga, Silvia María ^[2] ; Ripalda-Delgado, Katherine ^[4] ; Delgado-Saldarriaga, Luis Marcelo ^[5]
  1. [1] Universidad Técnica de Manabí

     Universidad Técnica de Manabí

     Portoviejo, Ecuador

     
  2. [2] Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador

     Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador

     Quito, Ecuador

     
  3. [3] Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Bald
  4. [4] Hospital Provincial Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda
  5. [5] Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil

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• Localización: GICOS: Revista del Grupo de Investigaciones en Comunidad y Salud, ISSN-e 2610-797X, Vol. 9, Nº. 3, 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: septiembre-diciembre), págs. 67-79
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Biological risks and occupational accidents in clinical laboratory students: a study at an ecuadorian university
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  • español

    La formación en laboratorio clínico expone a los estudiantes a riesgos biológicos, así como a la accidentalidad laboral al interactuar con fluidos corporales, instrumental y superficies contaminadas, lo que puede causar enfermedades infecciosas como hepatitis B, hepatitis C o VIH. Este estudio se planteó como objetivo, evaluar el conocimiento sobre estos riesgos y la incidencia de accidentes en estudiantes de séptimo y octavo nivel de una universidad ecuatoriana. Bajo un diseño transversal y correlacional se aplicó una encuesta que contenía datos sobre aspectos demográficos, conocimientos sobre riesgos biológicos y presentación de accidentabilidad. Se encontró que el 73% de los participantes eran mujeres, la edad que prevaleció fue 21-24 años, el 34,7% de los estudiantes sufrió al menos un accidente durante sus prácticas, siendo las salpicaduras (22,44%) y pinchazos (8,16%) los más comunes, y 70-73% tenía un alto conocimiento sobre los riesgos biológicos. En conclusión, a pesar del alto conocimiento teórico, la frecuencia de accidentes sugiere la necesidad de capacitación práctica para reducir estos riesgos.Clinical laboratory training exposes students to biological risks, as well as occupational accidents when interacting with contaminated body fluids, instruments, and surfaces, which can cause infectious diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or HIV. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge about these risks and the incidence of accidents in seventh and eighth grade students of an Ecuadorian university. Under a cross-sectional and correlational design, a survey was applied that contained data on demographic aspects, knowledge about biological risks and accident rate presentation. It was found that 73% of the participants were women, the prevailing age was 21-24 years, 34.7% of the students suffered at least one accident during their internship, with splashes (22.44%) and punctures (8.16%) being the most common, and 70-73% had a high knowledge about biological risks. In conclusion, despite the high theoretical knowledge, the frequency of accidents suggests the need for practical training to reduce these risks.Recibido: 25-05-2024Aceptado: 12-07-2024 Publicado: 01-11-2024

  • English

    Clinical laboratory training exposes students to biological risks, as well as occupational accidents when interacting with contaminated body fluids, instruments, and surfaces, which can cause infectious diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or HIV. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge about these risks and the incidence of accidents in seventh and eighth grade students of an Ecuadorian university. Under a cross-sectional and correlational design, a survey was applied that contained data on demographic aspects, knowledge about biological risks and accident rate presentation. It was found that 73% of the participants were women, the prevailing age was 21-24 years, 34.7% of the students suffered at least one accident during their internship, with splashes (22.44%) and punctures (8.16%) being the most common, and 70-73% had a high knowledge about biological risks. In conclusion, despite the high theoretical knowledge, the frequency of accidents suggests the need for practical training to reduce these risks.