Carriage by rail in the European Union has undergone a substantial change as a result of liberalisation, which has allowed several railway undertakings to provide transport services on the same infrastruc-ture. This new market situation has also been reflected in the uniform law on rail transport through the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the so-called Vilnius Protocol of 3 June 1999. Accordingly, the present study aims at analysing the liability of the international rail carrier in the light of the current wording of the Uniform Rules concerning the Contract for International Carriage of Goods by Rail. By doing so, it addresses two fun-damental questions: the uniform system of liability for loss, damage, and delay in delivery, on the one hand, and the liability of the carrier for the acts and omissions of his servants and agents -in particular, the rail infrastructure manager- , on the other.
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