Resumen de A dos años del feminicidio de Debanhi Susana Escobar Bazald: Estudio de caso sobre la violencia contra las mujeres en las redes sociales

Giovanna Georgina Ramírez Cerón, Saúl Ramírez De Los Santos, Luis Fernando Martínez Medina

• español

  La violencia hacia las mujeres es alarmante y se requiere su prevención y erradicación. Con este fin la OMS, ONU-Mujeres y doce organismos más han propuesto la estrategia RESPECT women que entre sus acciones se encuentra la transformación de las creencias, actitudes y estereotipos nocivos de género. La presente investigación busca apoyar esta medida a través de describir y visibilizar el ejercicio de la violencia contra las mujeres en las redes sociales, por medio del estudio de caso del feminicidio de Debanhi Escobar ocurrido en Nuevo León, México en 2022. Se retomaron las propuestas de Bonino (1996) sobre los micromachismos y Lagarde (2015) acerca de los cautiverios de las mujeres y la categorización de las mujeres en “buenas” y “malas” según el ejercicio de su erotismo y sexualidad. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa a través de un análisis hermenéutico de los discursos que circularon en Facebook acerca del feminicidio de Debanhi. La muestra se conformó por 1,704 mensajes publicados en Facebook desde abril de 2022 hasta enero de 2023.

  Entre los hallazgos encontrados se tiene que en la cotidianidad y en los espacios virtuales se sigue reproduciendo la violencia contra las mujeres por medio de manifestaciones normalizadas como la culpabilización, las bromas hirientes y la ridiculización pública. Y, que incluso después de un feminicidio se sigue responsabilizando a la víctima por ser mujer y las “buenas” mujeres no salen de noche, no van a fiestas, no toman alcohol y solo ejercen su sexualidad para la procreación.

• English

  The violence against women is alarming and its prevention and eradication is required. With this objective, the WHO, UN-Women and twelve other organizations have proposed the RESPECT women strategy, which among its actions includes the transformation of beliefs, attitudes, and harmful gender stereotypes. The present research supports this measure by describing and making visible the exercise of violence against women on social networks, through the case study of the feminicide of Debanhi Escobar that occurred in Nuevo León, México in 2022. Were used the proposals of Bonino (1996) on micromachisms and Lagarde (2015) on the captivity of women and the categorization of women and into “good” and “bad” according to the exercise of their eroticism and sexuality were used. A qualitative investigation was carried out through a hermeneutical analysis of the discourses that circulated on Facebook about the Debanhi feminicide. The sample was made up of 1, 704 messages published on Facebook from April 2022 to January 2023.

  Among the findings found is that in everyday life and in virtual spaces, violence against women continues to be reproduced through normalized manifestations such as blaming, hurtful jokes and public ridicule. And, even after a feminicide, the victim continues to be held responsible by being a woman because “good” women don´t go out at night, don´t go to parties, don´t drink alcohol and only exercise their sexuality for procreation.

• português

  The violence against women is alarming and its prevention and eradication is required. With this objective, the WHO, UN-Women and twelve other organizations have proposed the RESPECT women strategy, which among its actions includes the transformation of beliefs, attitudes, and harmful gender stereotypes. The present research supports this measure by describing and making visible the exercise of violence against women on social networks, through the case study of the feminicide of Debanhi Escobar that occurred in Nuevo León, México in 2022. The research utilizes Bonino's (1996) concepts of micromachisms and Lagarde's (2015) theories on the captivity of women and the categorization of women into "good" and "bad" based on their expression of eroticism and sexuality. A qualitative study was conducted using a hermeneutical analysis of the discourse on Facebook regarding Debanhi's feminicide. The sample consisted of 1,704 messages published on Facebook from April 2022 to January 2023. Findings reveal that violence against women is perpetuated in everyday life and virtual spaces through normalized behaviors such as victim-blaming, hurtful jokes, and public ridicule. Furthermore, even after a feminicide, the victim is still blamed for being a woman; the prevailing belief is that "good" women do not go out at night, attend parties, consume alcohol, or express their sexuality outside of procreation.