Low birth weight and associated maternal risk factors. Pedro Borras Polyclinic

• Lescalle Ortíz, Yoleiny de la Caridad ^[1] ; Cabrera Mejico, Damaris ^[1] ; Mena Cabrera, Yamaris Mercedes ^[1] ; Quintana Gonzalez, Yudisleidy ^[1] ; Sánchez Pedroso, Milexis ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río. Policlínico Universitario “Pedro Borras Astorga”. Pinar del Río, Cuba
• Localización: Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias, ISSN-e 2953-4860, Nº. 1, 2022 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias)
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Introduction: low birth weight is considered to be any newborn who at the time of delivery weighs less than 2500g, whatever the cause and regardless of the duration of gestation.

    Objective: to describe the maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight at the Pedro Borrás Astorga Polyclinic in the city of Pinar del Rio from January 2020 to May 2022.

    Methods: a descriptive, prospective longitudinal research was carried out on 24 mothers whose product of conception was a low-birth-weight neonate at the Pedro Borras Polyclinic, out of a universe of 529 live births in the period from January 2020 to May 2022, to whom a survey was applied to identify the main risk factors that intervened in its incidence.

    Results: the maternal risk factors associated with LBW were: maternal age, pregnancy without a stable partner, medium school level, smoking as a toxic habit, short inter-gestational period, preterm delivery, chronic pathologies prior to gestation such as Diabetes mellitus, AHT and pregnancy-associated conditions, with emphasis on genitourinary infections and nutritional anemia.

    Conclusions: despite being a small sample, it was possible to establish a significant association between the risk factors found and the occurrence of LBW.