Intraocular pressure and its association with ocular biometrics in Iranian children

Hassan Hashemi; Mehdi Khabazkhoob; Samira Heydarian; Mohammad Hassan Emamian; Akbar Fotouhi

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Intraocular pressure and its association with ocular biometrics in Iranian children

Hassan Hashemi ^[1] ; Mehdi Khabazkhoob ^[2] ; Samira Heydarian ^[3] ; Mohammad Hassan Emamian ^[5] ; Akbar Fotouhi ^[4]
1. [1] Noor Eye Hospital
  
  Noor Eye Hospital
  
  Irán
2. [2] Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
  
  Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
  
  Irán
3. [3] Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
  
  Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
  
  Irán
4. [4] Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  
  Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  
  Irán
5. [5] Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Localización: Journal of Optometry: peer-reviewed Journal of the Spanish General Council of Optometry, ISSN-e 1888-4296, Vol. 17, Nº. 4, 2024, págs. 48-55
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- Purpose To determine the mean value and normative distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) in children and their association with demographic and ocular biometrics.
  
  Methods Cluster sampling was done to select the students in urban areas of Shahroud, northeast Iran, while all students living in rural areas were selected. IOP was measured in mmHg using a non-contact tonometer, along with corneal and retinal imaging and ocular biometric measurement.
  
  Results After applying the exclusion criteria, 9154 eyes of 4580 students were analyzed, of whom 2377 (51.9 %) were boys. The mean age of the participants was 12.35±1.73 years (range: 9–15 years). The mean IOP was 15.58±2.83 (15.47–15.69) in total, 15.31±2.77 (15.17–15.46) in boys, and 15.88±2.86 (15.73–16.03) in girls (p < 0.001). The mean IOP was 15.07 and 15.49 in students aged 9 and 15 years, respectively. The mean IOP was 15.7 ± 2.64 (15.58–15.81) in urban and 14.52±4.05 (14.27–14.77) in rural students (p < 0.001). In the multiple generalized estimating equation model, IOP had a positive association with female sex (β=0.84, P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (β=0.02, P < 0.001), cup volume (β=0.99, P < 0.001), corneal thickness (β=0.04, P < 0.001) and anterior chamber volume (β=0.007, P < 0.001) and a negative association with living in the rural area (β=−0.65, P < 0.001), rim area (β=−0.39, P < 0.001), and corneal diameter (β=−0.18, P = 0.045). Furthermore, individuals with myopia exhibited a significantly higher IOP (β=0.35, P < 0.001) compared to those with emmetropia.
  
  Conclusion This study showed the normative distribution of IOP and its associated factors in children. The results can be used in diagnosis and management of glaucoma.