Factores materno-perinatales asociados con ingreso a cuidados intensivos en neonatos de madres seropositivas a SARS-CoV-2

• Autores: Carmen Dávila Aliaga, Elina Mendoza Ibáñez, Rosemary Hinojosa Pérez, Diego Marín-Marín, Marcos Espínola Sánchez, Pedro Arango Ochante, Elsa Torres Marcos, Ylia Espinoza Vivas, Jonathan De la Cruz-Dávila, Rafael Paucar Zegarra
• Localización: Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral, ISSN-e 1561-3038, ISSN 0864-2125, Nº. 40, 2024
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Maternal-Perinatal Factors Associated with Intensive Care Admission of Neonates to Mothers Seropositive for SARS-CoV-2
• Enlaces
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• Resumen
  • español

    RESUMEN Introducción: En recién nacidos de madres con infección por COVID-19 existe riesgo de presentar mayor morbilidad, pues tienen respuesta inmune menor comparado con adultos. Objetivo: Evaluar factores materno-perinatales asociados al ingreso en cuidados intensivos neonatales de madres seropositivas a SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Estudio realizado en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima-Perú, 2020, con diseño observacional analítico de casos y controles. La muestra estuvo formada por neonatos cuyas madres tuvieron serología positiva a SARS-CoV-2 preparto. Se compararon características materno-neonatales entre recién nacidos que ingresaron a UCIN (casos) y no ingresaron a UCIN (controles). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados con significancia de 0,05 y regresión logística múltiple para estimar OR ajustados con IC 95 %. Resultados: De los neonatos estudiados, 120 ingresaron a UCIN COVID-19 (casos); 480 conformaron el grupo control (no ingresaron a UCIN). Los factores materno-neonatales asociados al ingreso a UCIN fueron: morbilidad materna con OR = 3,313 (IC 95 % 2,135-5,142), sintomatología materna relacionada a COVID-19 con OR = 3,045, (IC 95 % 0,747-12,516) y prueba PCR positiva del bebé con OR = 2,403 (IC 95 % 0,608-9,487). Conclusiones: El ingreso a cuidados intensivos en neonatos hijos de madres con COVID-19 se asocia a la enfermedad obstétrica materna independientemente de la sintomatología por COVID-19.

  • English

    ABSTRACT Introduction: In newborns to mothers with COVID-19 infection, there is a risk of presenting greater morbidity, as they have a lower immune response compared to adults. Objective: To evaluate maternal-perinatal factors associated with admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of mothers seropositive for SARS-CoV-2. Methods: A study was conducted at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, of Lima, Peru, in 2020, with an observational analytical design of cases and controls. The sample consisted of neonates whose mothers had positive serology for SARS-CoV-2 before delivery. Maternal-neonatal characteristics were compared between newborns admitted to the NICU (cases) and those not admitted to the NICU (controls). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed with a significance of 0.05, as well as multiple logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Of the studied neonates, 120 were admitted to the NICU for COVID-19 (cases); 480 made up the control group (not admitted to the NICU). Maternal-neonatal factors associated with NICU admission were maternal morbidity with OR = 3.313 (95 % CI: 2.135-5.142), maternal symptomatology related to COVID-19 with OR = 3.045, (95 % CI: 0.747-12.516) and positive infant PCR test with OR = 2.403 (95 % CI: 0.608-9.487). Conclusions: Intensive care admission in neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 is associated with maternal obstetric disease independent of COVID-19 symptomatology.