Mirando el monocultivo del olivar: políticas públicas en torno a una producción privada

• Juan Sergio Quesada Aguilar ^[1] ; José Luis Anta Félez ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Jaén

     Universidad de Jaén

     Jaén, España

     
• Localización: Revista CENTRA de ciencias sociales: CENTRA journal of Social Sciences, ISSN-e 2951-8156, ISSN 2951-6641, Vol. 4, Nº. 1, 2025, págs. 39-58
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Looking at Olive Grove Monoculture: Public Policies Around Private Production: Public Policies Around Private Production
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    El olivar, por su extensión e importancia económica es determinante en la sociedad jiennense. Su magnitud ha generado debates de largo alcance, en el tiempo y en la forma, entorno a los que sostienen su imbricación necesaria con la provincia frente a los que defienden que este cultivo constituye un lastre para su desarrollo. La existencia de un cultivo-paisaje determinado por la acción antrópica, en el que confluyen políticas públicas con la búsqueda de la mayor rentabilidad en la explotación de la tierra, en la mayoría de los casos, frente a otros casos donde se convierte en la aparentemente única alternativa posible, ha llevado a la identificación del cultivo con el ser de Jaén, algo no solo potenciado sino deseado por los poderes públicos, que han visto en el olivar y su cultura una oportunidad de construir unas señas de identidad comunes.

  • English

    The olive grove, due to its extent and economic importance, is a determining factor in Jaen society. Its magnitude has generated far-reaching debates, both in terms of time and form, between those who maintain its necessary integration with the province and those who ar-gue that this crop constitutes a burden for its development. The existence of a crop-lands-cape determined by human action, in which public policies converge with the search for the greatest profitability in land exploitation in most cases, as opposed to other cases where it becomes the apparently only possible alternative, has led to the identification of the crop with the essence of Jaen. This identification has not only been promoted but also desired by public authorities, who have seen in the olive grove and its culture an opportunity to build common identity markers in a territory and population that are much more than economi-cally dependent on the crop. These reflections are based on the analysis of public policies in the land market during contemporary times and how these policies are essential for the ex-pansion of the olive grove when the appropriate moment arises, becoming a sign of identity and public expression of Jaen and, by extension, other olive-growing areas of Andalusia and Spain. And yet, this imagined cultural reality remains stagnant in an increasingly distant past, facing a present everyday life where agricultural work and non-mechanized human labor are residual, while the olive grove continues to expand into the increasingly scarce properties that still remain uncolonized. All of this is without taking into account the social and environmental costs that the monopoly of cultivation has generated and continues to generate.