Análisis de módulos interruptor bidireccional de potencia de aplicación en convertidores matriciales
- Autores: José-luis Gálvez Sánchez
- Directores de la Tesis: Xavier Jordá Sanuy (dir. tes.), Gabriel Abadal Berini (tut. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona ( España ) en 2017
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Jose Andres Rebollo Palacios (presid.), Sergi Busquets Monge (secret.), Vicente Miguel Sala Caselles (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Ingeniería Electrónica y de Telecomunicación por la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: TESEO
- Resumen
There is a wide and increasing demand in industrial applications which require bidirectional transfer of power between the AC utility and the load, and vice versa such as: rolling mills, elevators, centrifuges, escalators, renewable energies (wind turbines, photo-voltaic, fuel-cells; smart-grids), electric traction, etc. The possibility of performing a direct AC-AC conversion with the absence of a DC link is a fact thanks to the Matrix Converter (MC) topology. The typical configuration of a MC is based on nine bidirectional switches (BDSs) required to directly connect the three input phases of an AC grid with the three output phases of a load (typically, a motor). Controlling the BDSs in a suitable way, a variable amplitude and frequency can be obtained at the output. Consequently, the key element of the MC implementation is the controlled BDS which must be able to conduct current and block voltage in both polarities (four quadrant I-V operation) and to operate at relatively high switching frequencies.
The aim of this thesis is the analysis of the commutation processes in BDSs, the prediction of their power dissipation in typical MC operation and the development of a new controlled bidirectional switch module which integrates the power stage functionality with the intelligence in one component to enhance the modularity and feasibility of MC applications First of all it is important to understand how behave the BDSs within a MC. A SPICE simulation work of a simplified two-phase to single-phase MC was performed in order to analyse the commutation phenomena involved between BDSs. Hard and soft commutations are undergone by the different power devices depending on the voltage across the BDS and the direction of the current through it. Understanding the details of the switching processes allow an optimum definition of the commutation strategies within BDSs and modelling of the switching power losses.
The static and dynamic characteristics of several power devices of different technologies used in BDS implementations are also analysed. A switching test circuit based on the aforementioned two-phase to single-phase MC was fabricated for this purpose. This MC test circuit allowed testing discrete BDSs as well as integrated power modules sharing the same power stage and control board. Based on the extracted measured data of the BDSs devices, their conduction and their switching losses were accurately modelled.
This thesis describes also the implementation of a computational method to evaluate the conduction and switching losses (hard and soft types) of the power devices within the BDS. Based on the conduction and switching losses models, the power losses of the semiconductor devices are calculated depending on different operating condition of the MC such as the modulation algorithm, the output frequency, the output to input voltage ratio, the load power factor and the switching frequency. All these studies resulted in a practical tool to help the converter designer to select the optimum power devices for a given application and to predict in an accurate way the semiconductors power losses in order to size and implement the suitable cooling system.
Finally in this work, an integrated bidirectional switch intelligent power module (BDS-IPM) prototype is designed, built and tested in a three-phase to one-phase MC in order to take a step forward in the practical implementation of MCs. The BDS-IPM is itself a complex power electronics system since many disciplines converge in it: power semiconductor devices, thermal power management, device level control (i.e. gate drive circuits) and high level control (i.e. current commutation strategy implementation, active protection issues).
