La obra residencial de guillermo giráldez, pedro lópez y javier subías desde el polígono del sud-oeste del besós. Barcelona, 1959-1970
- Autores: Fernanda M. Aguirre Bermeo
- Directores de la Tesis: Cristina Gastón Guirao (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2018
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Antonio Armesto Aira (presid.), Maria Rubert de Ventós (secret.), Inês Lima Rodrigues (voc.), Carlos Labarta Aizpún (voc.), María Fernanda Jaua Bouthelier (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Proyectos Arquitectónicos por la Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya
- Materias:
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- Resumen
The research is focused on modern collective housing projects whose forms of implantation stand out in the relationship with the urban context that precedes it. In the specific case of Barcelona, it is confronted the Cerdà block layout with the design strategy developed by the team of architects Guillermo Giráldez, Pedro López Íñigo and Javier Subías between 1959 and 1970. The research begins with the Polígono del Sud-Oeste del Besós (1959).
It compiles and edits varied graphic documentation on the peripheries and the architecture of the residential complexes designed by the Giráldez-López-Subías team, with the aim of establishing relationships and conjectures. Project and city, Ensanche and periphery, buildings and lots, housing and collective space, these are subjects that show the significance of an urban landscape built in a relatively short period of time, often yielded to economic constraints and the late process of urban infrastructure. It resorts to the revision of the documents of the projects held in the Historical Archive of the Col-legi d'Arquitectes de Catalunya (COAC) along with the exhaustive and valuable material of the archive of the Institut Municipal de l'Habitatge i Rehabilitació de Barcelona (IMHAB). In addition, it presents a selection of photographs and maps rescued from various local archives, which, when contrasted with current graphic documents, organize an original story. The selection of photographs corroborates the narrative of the consolidation process and the current situation of the projects under study.
Amidst the symbolic force of traditional Barcelona represented by the Cerdà Plan, the Polígono del Sud-Oeste del Besós is designed as a housing system in accordance with the new needs of the modern city and at the same time is adapted to a prevailing layout. In derivation, the residential work of the same team carried out as housing complexes is analysed: Conjunto en la Rambla Guipúzcoa (1964-1965) Conjunto en Avenida Diagonal (1965-1967, 1973), and Conjunto en Avenida Gran Vía (1967-1969). This shows that despite the fact that the projects undertaken respond to different social and economic situations, they reveal the notion of modern urban space and the intense development of collective space. They also coincide in having been located in what at that time was called the periphery, the place where the Cerdà layout had no action or was undefined due to the absence of buildings. In this way, the study approaches the periphery from a historical perspective in order to highlight the process of urban consolidation.
The study of the Polígono del Sud-Oeste del Besós as contrasted with the Cerdà block makes it possible to compare the urban fabric and the architectural project; the first, around the dialogue of infrastructure, green space, services and housing; the second, as the concrete reality that gives way to the collective experience. It is verified that in the work following the Polígono, solved as residential complexes, the strategy employed is repeated. Supported by the public professional practice that Pedro López carried out in the Town Planning Department of the Town Hall, the Giráldez-López-Subías team managed to draw up the proposals for the respective Partial Plans and Building Regulations and then adjust them in the private office that had been operating since 1956. The architectural-urban approach favoured habitability and collective space over the mere construction of housing. In this aspect, the correct resolution of the floor plan, articulating spaces and separating others, steers towards the design of the built-in furniture and the facade elements, all of them in harmony of composition and in modular rigor.
