Porous solids for adsorption and separation of gas and vapor mixtures
- Autores: Eduardo Pérez Botella
- Directores de la Tesis: Fernando Rey García (dir. tes.), Susana Valencia Valencia (dir. tes.), Antonio Eduardo Palomares Gimeno (tut. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de València ( España ) en 2021
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Julián Garrido Segovia (presid.), M. Concepción Ovín Ania (secret.), Ferdinand Matthias Thommes (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Química Sostenible por la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; la Universidad de Extremadura; la Universidad Jaume I de Castellón; la Universitat de València (Estudi General) y la Universitat Politècnica de València
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: RiuNet
- Resumen
In this thesis, the properties of different zeolitic adsorbents and their use in separations of fluid mixtures of industrial interest have been studied. The selection of the materials has been carried out putting a special emphasis on low polarity small pore zeolitic adsorbents, more specifically, pure silica zeolites, aluminophosphates and silicoaluminophosphates. The separations that have been considered are related mostly to energy production, natural and biogas upgrading, purification of hydrogen, gasoline octane number improvement and purification of biobutanol.
The adsorption properties of the zeolitic materials have been studied by single component adsorption isotherm measurements, single component adsorption kinetics measurements and multicomponent dynamic adsorption experiments, i.e. breakthrough experiments. The adsorption isotherms were analysed in terms of their shape, the maximum adsorption capacity and used to calculate isosteric heats of adsorption, ideal thermodynamic selectivities and ideal working capacities in hypothetical swing adsorption processes. The adsorption kinetics measurements have allowed to compare the diffusional behavior of different adsorbates in different materials and to calculate diffusional time constants, which were, in turn, used for calculating ideal kinetic selectivities/separation factors. The breakthrough experiments were used to ultimately see how materials perform at conditions close to the industrial case and to calculate for each material mixture selectivities and relevant swing adsorption process operation parameters, i.e. productivity, recovery and purity.
The physical properties of the studied materials, such as structure, crystalline order, atom connectivity, particle size and shape and textural properties have been critically evaluated and used to explain the results obtained in the adsorption studies.
In chapter 1, a general introduction on zeolites, their synthesis, properties and applications is provided, together with an introduction on adsorption phenomena and on the industrial separations of interest to this thesis. In chapter 2 the objectives of this thesis work are presented. In chapter 3 the synthesis of the adsorbents used is presented, together with the characterization and adsorption equipment and the adsorption data analysis procedures. In chapter 4, the adsorption of light gases on pure silica RWR zeolite is studied with special focus on the separation of hydrogen isotopes and the purification of hydrogen from steam methane reformery off-gas. In chapter 5 I study the adsorption properties of CO2 on aluminophosphates, silicoaluminophosphates and zeolites of LTA, CHA and AFI structures, and more specifically their isosteric heats of adsorption. In chapter 6, I study the effect of pore size and pore topology on the separation of CO2 from CH4 by means of pure component isotherms and breakthrough experiments of the mixture. In chapter 7, the adsorption properties of C5-C7 hydrocarbons on pure silica STW zeolite are studied with special focus on the separation of dibranched from monobranched and linear hydrocarbons. A comparison with pure silica MFI zeolite (silicalite-1) is established. In chapter 8 a set of pure silica zeolites is studied as adsorbents for the vapor phase separation of 1-butanol from acetone, ethanol and water, typical components of the ABE fermentation broth. Pure component isotherms were measured and breakthrough experiments were carried out using multicomponent mixtures. Special focus is put on the recovery of 1-butanol from the desorption curve, and the dependence of purity with recovery is studied.
