Resumen de Effect of olive oil and niacin on postprandial inflammation: Implications for atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions including, hypertension, diabetes type 2, obesity and hiperlipemia, which occur together, increasing your risk of cardiovascular diseases. Physical inactivity and certain dietary patterns, including high-saturated fatty acids (SFAs) intake, contribute to onset of metabolic diseases. Nevertheless, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (mainly from olive oil) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) favorably altering mechanistic and molecular inflammatory processes that occurs during metabolic diseases development. Niacin (vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin that belongs to the vitamin B complex and broad-spectrum lipid-regulating drug used for clinical therapy of chronic high-grade inflammatory diseases. It is the major substrate of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) for the synthesis of NAD+, which has recently emerged as a nutritional intervention strategy for prevention of metabolic diseases.
We have previously studied that primarily olive oil (due to its high MUFA content) is an optimal fat for the modulation of inflammatory chronic risk factors in the postprandial state. In addition, NAMPT has been shown to correlate with triglycerides in the fasting plasma, and a potential regulatory role for fatty acids on NAMPT expression has been proposed. Despite this considerable amount of data, whether different dietary fatty acids, including olive oil as a source of MUFAs, play a role in the regulation of glucose, lipid metabolism and inflammation in the fed and postprandial states, NAMPT excursions in this area remains to be solved. We know how changes in NAD+ metabolism influence physiology of cell metabolism and homeostasis and how NAD+ might be manipulated for healing benefit by specific dietary fatty acids. Thus, the global aim of the thesis was to assess whether olive oil (MUFAs), compared to other dietary fatty acids (SFAs and omega-3 PUFAs) and in association with niacin could have benefits on reducing postprandial inflammatory effects and ultimately in the development of inflammatory-related diseases. We offer throughout this research linked to my thesis important novel insights on the relationship among dietary fatty acids, NAD+ metabolism, atherosclerosis, and metabolic syndrome.
