Synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications of biodegradable poly(ester amide)s and related polymers
- Autores: Sara Keiko Murase Fernández
- Directores de la Tesis: Luís Javier del Valle Mendoza (dir. tes.), Jordi Puiggalí Bellalta (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2015
- Idioma: inglés
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Carlos Alemán Llansó (presid.), María Lourdes Franco García (secret.), Daniel Crespo (voc.), Ramaz Katsarava (voc.), Marina Galià Clua (voc.)
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
- Resumen
Synthetic biopolymers have attracted considerable attention in the last decades in the biomedical field. Poly(ester amide)s are a family of biodegradable polymers that can be tailored for specific applications due to the presence of cleavable ester locations and amide units, which establish hydrogen bond interactions and result in good thermal and mechanical properties. Thanks to these adaptable properties, they are promising materials for applications in different medical fields and constitute the core of this Thesis. Poly(glycolic acid) has proven to be a successful biodegradable and bioresorbable material, so in the first part, diverse poly(ester amide)s containing the glycolic acid unit are prepared using a solid-state polycondensation. To exploit the potential variability of the resulting properties, the constituting units include a variable ratio of glycolic acid and lactic acid, and the amide part comprises aminohexanoic acid or branched diamine units (with 5 and 6 carbons). As new materials, in situ polymerization kinetics and characterization of monomers and copolymers were extensively studied. In addition, the preparation of a polyamide, NY 6 9, was performed to evaluate the morphological changes and peculiar structure present in even-odd nylons by means of time-resolved SAXS and WAXD experiments in a synchrotron radiation facility and optical microscope. In the next chapter a new amino acid-based poly(ester amide) was designed as a new example of last generation biopolymer. In this case, an alternative approach was aimed to obtain a polymer hybrid based in the L-lactic acid and L-phenylalanine units: the use of a peptide as initiator of an anionic ROP of the L-lactide unit. The different resulting polymers have been characterized by diverse techniques and also are supported by simulation studies. The work in this Thesis is completed by the preparation of diverse biomedical devices as scaffolds and nanoparticles with an electrospinning setup. The mini-emulsion technique was also explored. Poly(ester amide)s that include glycolic acid and odd or even diamines, phenylalanine or Bionolle® were used. As prospective drug delivery systems anti-inflammatory (i.e. ketoprofen), antibacterial (i.e. chlorhexidine, PHMB) or anti-carcinogenic (i.e. indole derivatives) drugs were loaded and their release was evaluated. Also, biocompatibility and bacterial tests were essential assays to determine their behaviour as biomedical applications. Finally, another fundamental aspect that was reviewed is the enzymatic degradation behaviour of the prepared samples.
