Los tratados de construcción históricos británicos siglos XVII y XVIII: análisis de sus contenidos sobre técnicas de construcción y su aplicación en rehabilitación
- Autores: Sonsoles Puntos Pérez
- Directores de la Tesis: Belén Onecha Pérez (dir. tes.), José Luis González Moreno-Navarro (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2015
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: César Díaz Gómez (presid.), Albert Casals Balagué (secret.), Caterina F. Carocci (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa Oficial de Doctorado en Tecnología de la Arquitectura, Edificación y Urbanismo
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
- Resumen
During years the hitoric British treatises about construclion have been considered almost exclusively from the point of view of the use of orders and the architectural planning of major houses, palaces and occassionally simple houses. Exemplary books in this sense are ''Vitruvius Britannicus" or "Vitruvius Scotticus". Some of them however address broader and practical aspects. In the case of roofs for example, the treatises contain a lot of details about the techniques or planning and other elements are often considered. The objective of this thesis is therefore to extract from the British treatises written during the 17th and 18th century, the contents on construction of architectural elements (like foundations, walls, windows, chimneys, stairs ,. .. ) and the relevant content about the construction materials of the period, i.e. the brick, lime (as binder or rendering material), stone, mortar, iron, and as all them have a comment in the treatises. There is a great number of writers who based their contents in ltalian and French treatises, but it is important to highlight that they have a British point of view: even if, they take the knowledge from foreign treatises, they adapt to the British weather an in their own way, often with a practica orientation. The reason why Great Britain is the place where it is possible to find this kind of information is because of a special moment: the great fire of London of 1666. This incident cause a moment zero in English and British construction: the great and immediate demand of reconstruction gives plenty of space for a new styles and techniques, which are codified into regulations and treatises. Similar events, but less urgent, happened in Edinburgh were the regulations were set up in 1698 after some major fires . The production of treatises was much less so, but the movement of professionals across the whole Britain after the Act of Union of 1707 and the major construction of the New Town from 1767 meant treatises and recorded knowledge in pattern book found application. Ali this knowledge about the old techniques, that in most countries was lost as its transmission was by oral tradition, would eventually be contained in those treatises. Is important to bring them to light, mainly to help us in the hard work ot the restoration ancient buildings; a good understanding of the building is the correct way if the challenge is to do a successful job in the restoration and rehabilitation of old buildings. As it is important to know if the treatises are connected with the reality, a complementary study was done, where some parameters contained in the treatises are compared with existing buildings in the cities of London and Edinburgh, the two cities where applications were most probable al the time due to the quality and extent of construction.
