Resumen de Efecto de un modelo de enseñanza utilizando el "Humor" y la "Simpatía" en el aprendizaje de conceptos de física
Martha Rosario Dumois
The problem of academic achievement on the basic concepts of mechanical physics in the preparatory course of Introduction to Physics, and attitude of students to the course are the triggers for this study, on the development of a methodology, of teaching and learning using humor and sympathy as teaching tools. The hypothesis of this research suggests that the teaching model humorous constructivism increases the academic achievement of typical students of the course Introduction to Physics that offers the Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico. Behaviorist, constructivist, connectivist randomly assigned as the control groups, and the experimental group, the humorous constructivist model, to test this hypothesis, were the models used. The humorous constructivist model includes teaching strategies focused on the integration of everyday problems presented in a humorous, interesting and entertaining way. Statistical analysis was performed by comparing the results of the Force Concept Inventory (FCI), offered as recommended by its authors as pre and post tests. They were compared using the Tukey test, and this revealed that the humorous constructivist and constructivist learning models improved physics concepts significantly. Once on this stage of development, the humorous experimental constructivist model was refined to be validated. At the stage of validation, pretests were administered to randomly selected groups. Then, the concepts were presented with corresponding activities using the humorous constructivist model. The statistical analysis proposed by the authors of the FCI, reflected a significant increase in gain of knowledge of the concepts of mechanical physics. There was also an increase in the efficiency of the humorous constructivist teaching model, from 26% of efficiency obtained for the experimental stage to 40% obtained on validation stage. Finally the entire study concluded that the increase in learning (better grades on the post-test) of the students was more in the constructivist model. But it was with the humorous constructivist model that students showed having obtained higher gain (number of correct answers) on knowledge of the concepts of physics. We recommend research using the humorous constructivist model in other courses in the sciences or humanities, since it was reflected that students showed more interest, motivation and academic achievement. It calls for the replication of this study, to assess the impact of the model on the change in attitude of the students, as observed while this research was conducted.
