Impact of Physical Activity Intensity Levels on the Cardiometabolic Risk Status of Children: The Genobox Study

• F. J. Llorente Cantarero ; Francisco J. Aguilar Gómez ^[2] ; María Gloria Bueno Lozano ^[3] ; Augusto Anguita Ruiz ^[4] ; Azahara Iris Rupérez Cano ^[5] ; Rocío Vázquez Cobela ^[1] ; Katherine Ubina Flores Rojas ; Concepcion M. Aguilera ; Luis A. Moreno Aznar ; Angel Gil Hernández ; María Rosaura Leis Trabazo ; Mercedes Gil Campos
  1. [1] Universidade de Santiago de Compostela

     Universidade de Santiago de Compostela

     Santiago de Compostela, España

     
  2. [2] Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), The University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Andalucía, Spain
  3. [3] Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
  4. [4] Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
  5. [5] Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain

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• Localización: International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, ISSN 1526-484X, ISSN-e 1543-2742, Vol. 32, Nº. 2, 2022, págs. 102-110
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Childhood obesity has been related to metabolic syndrome and low-grade chronic inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity intensities and practice on inflammation, endothelial damage, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. There were 513 participants, aged 6–14 years, recruited for the study. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, and the children were classified into four groups according to quartiles of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) practice as very low active, low active, moderate active, and high active. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and plasma metabolic and proinflammatory parameters were analyzed. Very low active group presented a worse lipid profile and higher insulin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, matrix metallopeptidase-9, and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, while lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Type 1 macrophages, and interleukin 8 than high-active children. Regression analyses showed that a higher MVPA practice was associated with lower levels of triacylglycerols (β: −0.118; p = .008), resistin (β: −0.151; p = .005), tPAI (β: −0.105; p = .046), and P-selectin (β: −0.160; p = .006), independently of sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). In contrast, a higher BMI was associated with higher levels of insulin (β: 0.370; p < .001), Homeostasis Model Assessment (β: 0.352; p < .001), triacylglycerols (β: 0.209; p < .001), leptin (β: 0.654; p < .001), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (β: 0.182; p < .001), Type 1macrophages (β: 0.181; p < .001), and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor (β: 0.240; p < .001), independently of sex, age, and MVPA. A better anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory profile was detected in the most active children; however, these differences were partly due to BMI. These results suggest that a higher MVPA practice and a lower BMI in children may lead to a better cardiometabolic status.