Siti Aqilah Jahari, I-Chieh Michelle Yang, Juliana Angeline French, Pervaiz K. Ahmed
The unprecedented occurrence of COVID-19 highlights the susceptibility of the tourism industry toexternal threats. Fromflight cancellations to the closure of hospitality establishments, COVID-19has greatly transformed the industry. Whilst a crisis such as a pandemic is not new in tourismand hospitality, the unique characteristics of COVID-19 have altered the risk perceptions associated with destinations. To date, the tourism risk literature has predominantly focused ontypology of risks, at the expense of examining the process of how risk perceptions are formed. Following a social constructivist epistemological position, this conceptual paper proposes an integrative model that unpacks the underlying psychological process of risk perceptions anddemonstrates how the framing process influences the safety perceptions and moulds the travelimage of a destination in the COVID-19 context. The paper proposes several suggestions forfuture studies to consider when testing the conceptual model
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