Asistencia háptica basada en planificación de movimientos para la teleoperación cooperativa de sistemas multirobot
- Autores: Alexander Pérez Ruiz
- Directores de la Tesis: Joan Rosell Gratacos (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2012
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Luis Basañez Villaluenga (presid.), Esteban Peña Pitarch (secret.), José María Sabater Navarro (voc.), Martín Mellado Arteche (voc.), Roque Saltarén (voc.)
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
- Resumen
This work proposes a framework for the teleoperation of anthropomorphic industrial robots using desktop haptic devices that provides an aid to the operator in the form of haptic guidance based on path planning techniques. The teleoperation framework incorporates a new model of correspondence mapping between the workspace of the haptic device used to command the remote node and that of the robot. The mapping takes into account the position and orientation of the active camera that provides the video fed back from the remote node. The main features of this system are: 1. The user can change the position of the active camera to increase the visibility or to change the scales related to the workspaces in order to set the precision. 2. The user feels slight guiding forces that attract and push him/her to the path towards the goal configuration, particularly when it contains configuration changes. 3. When the operator requests it or when he/she reaches the limits of the workspace of the haptic device, the assistance system calculates the new configuration for the haptic device, taking over the teleoperation and guiding the operator to that configuration where teleoperation can resume. All kinesthetic aids are generated based on a Planner which includes a novel algorithm that is able to find feasible paths between both static and mobile obtacles or a mitxture of both. The main features of the proposed Planner are: 1. It is based on a Probabilistic RoadMap strategy based on a lazy evaluation of the possible collisions of the path. 2. It uses a reduced graph to find the solution path, which is a subset of a larger graph, thus ensuring both computational efficiency and coverage of the whole configuration space. 3. Each planned path is evaluated and iteratively improved by creating a new set of samples closer to the obstacles when any edge-validation fails. 4. Replanning is useful when moving obstacles are present or when the initial configuration changes and this process always brings as a result a new path very close to the one previously valid. The Planner frees the user from paying attention to potential collisions between the environment and any part of the robot (not only the end-effector, as other approaches do). This can be applied especially in multi-robot environments, where the other robots present in the cell may interfere with the remote teleoperated movements. The planner deals with other robots as collections of moving obstacles. The bilateral control scheme of the teleoperation system ensures its stability despite time delays. Additionally, the system influences on the remote node damping factor as a way of dealing with potential collisions, slowing the teleoperation when the system detects one. The system has been validated with multiple users, both in simulated environments and with the real robot, and it has shown that with the use of its assistance the operator increases speed and security in performance, lightening the burden of teleoperation, especially when there are moving obstacles.
